FA Cup 1872

So 13 teams had thrashed out and agreed a set of rules and code which was the blueprint for the next 150 years of football, the next step was to take these rules and exhibit them to the public in a unified game.  This took place on Saturday 8^th January 1864 at Battersea Park and was played amongst some of the better know players of the time.

It was the assignment of Wanderers legend Charles W Alcock to the Committee of the FA in 1866 that spearheaded another revolution in the game, he was the brainchild of the Football Association Challenge Cup, on November 11^th 1871 the ever football matches in the world oldest current competition were played, Barnes beat Civil Service 2-0, Hitchin and Crystal Palace (not related to the Crystal Palace currently residing in the championship) played out a goalless draw and both progressed to the next round, Maidenhead scored two without reply against Marlow and Clapham Rovers romped home to a convincing 3-0 win against Upton Park, Ironically at West Ham Park.

Hamstead Heathens were given a bye as there were only 15 entrants and there were walk overs for both the eventual finalists Wanderers and Royal Engineers, the other fixture between Scottish Team Queens Park and Donington School was put back to the next round due to disagreements on the venue and even then wasn’t played as Donington School later withdrew meaning Queens Park made it to the quarter finals and then again received a bye to make the semis which pitched them against Wanderers, they played out a 0-0 draw, a replay was never carried out as the Scottish team could afford a return trip to London and withdrew, they had already forked out the £1 entry fee which was about a sixth of the clubs annual budget. 

The Wanderers met Royal Engineers in the first FA Cup Final at the Kensington Oval in front of less than 2,000 spectators on the 16^th March 1872.  The Engineers (from Charlton) had been in sparkling form to reach the final with big wins against Hitchin, Hamstead Heathens and Crystal Palace 5-0, 3-0 and 3-0 respectively.  The Wanderers in contrast had only scored 1 goal to get this far, Thomas Pellham in a 1-0 against Clapham Rovers in the second round, the other games against Crystal Palace and Queens Park all ending without goals but in crazy early FA Cup tradition still able to qualify for the next round.

Despite the form guide the Wanderers won it with a goal on 15 minutes from Morton Pato Betts latching on to Vidal’s dazzling dribble and cross and slotting home from an acute angle. It was another famous first for the FA Cup, the first giant killing.

The Development in England

Mob football, as it was dubbed has been played in England since the roman occupation between 43 and 410 AD.  Many variations of this game existed but common denominators such as a mob and a ball as with the title were forever present, the objective is that each team had to get the ball to the oppositions area by whatever means possible.

It is believed after the Norman conquering of the isles the mob game really took off and as early as 1314 Nicolas de Farndone (The Lord Mayor of the City of London) banned the game from the city streets due to the violence and crime that surrounded the events, a national ban was introduced in 1314 on April 30^th By King Edward II and further proclaimed by his successor in June 12^th 1342 by imaginatively named Edward the III.  The reason for this was that it distracted the young men from involvement in archery and other useful war skills, punishment for participation would be imprisonment.  A year later Scotland introduced the ‘Football Act’ and with it a fine of ‘Four Pence’, which I’m sure was a lot of money at the time, to discourage the people.

There are many references to the game in the medieval and renaissance eras from kings to great writers.  The infamous King Henry VIII owned a pair of boots, but also backed the continued banning of the game in 1548 as it was often the source of many riots and acts of crime.  The peoples love of playing the game though made this impossible so it continued without authority.

In 1608 William Shakespeare disapprovingly coined the word football in his play ‘King Lear’  “Nor tripped neither, you base football Player.”  And again in the ‘A Comedy of Errors’, penned this sonnet.

Am I so round with you as you with me,
That like a football you do spurn me thus?
You spurn me hence, and he will spurn me hither:
If I last in this service, you must case me in leather.

 Beautiful you may agree. 

This mob game is still played to this day on shrove Tuesdays in many rural towns in England.

Football the game we know now however really started to take shape when the public school system introduced it into their individual programmes as the it was seen as beneficial to the youngsters for it’s fitness, team work and promotion of pro active and sporting behaviour.  Both Oxford and Cambridge Universities having been playing since the fourteenth century but it wasn’t until Eton in 1815 that the first written codes appeared where rules were pronounced and a real consistent game by game structure was introduced, this was however internal to the college itself and other codes started to appear thereafter such as Alderham school in 1825 which was largely based on previous versions but tweaked maybe to give the advantage to the home team on such occasions as an exhibition match between rival schools. 

At Rugby school in 1823 playing a game of football William Webb Ellis sat on a football, misshaped it, picked it up and ran with it to the opponent’s goal and became the defining moment in separation of Football and Rugby.

The Cambridge rules in 1848 saw for the first time a set of rules, which were uniformly agreed, by a set of schools in the south of England.  The Sheffield rules only a few years later saw a similar cartel in the north, these rules included free kicks, corner kicks, throw-ins and added inclusion of crossbars.

The pace of growth in football saw a real explosion in participation and watching of games occurred half way through the nineteenth century when the factory workers act of 1850 was passed, before this act the working classes and their children were expected to work 6 days a week for 12 hours a day. Leaving little time for any recreational activity, what the act provided after 1850 was a half-day working on Saturdays finishing at 2pm for the first time young men had the opportunity to enjoy free time in the afternoon and was the driving force behind the popular Saturday 3pm kick off time which lasted nearly 150 years before live television coverage demanded staggered match times. 

The introduction of the railways was also a key factor in this incredible growth in football’s market as teams from further away from each other now had the potential to play games on a regular basis and fans can come and watch.  This is how football became the sport played by and watched by the workingman.

In 1857 Sheffield Football Club was born, this is now considered the world oldest football club.

It wasn’t until October 26^th 1863, at the Freemasons Tavern (now arms), 13 teams from the London area sat the first set of 6 meetings trying to combine all the codes and rules that teams The Football Association (FA) was born.

The Origins of Football

The starting point for the modern game of football can be pinpointed back to October 26^th, 1863 at the Freemasons Tavern, Great Queen Street, London.  This was the inception of the Football Association and the blueprint for all future organized football administration.  It has been this ability to prepare and structure from this point on which has changed the footballing world from the local brawl with subjective rules, times and riots a plenty, to the global multi billion pound game watched by millions and the common language between different people and cultures on all walks of life.

The earliest steps of this fascinating journey through time are thought to have been made 4500 years ago, let’s just think about how long ago this truly is.  In Britain the Bronze Age was only a few hundred years young.  In Egypt The Fourth Dynasty was near it’s end and there wasn’t a Pyramid in sight.  In China however there earliest form of civilization was taking off and with it a game called Tsu Chu.

Tsu conveniently and surprisingly translates to English as ‘Kicking a ball with your foot’ and Chu ‘Ball Made of Leather and Stuffed’.   During 250 and 200 BC ‘Tsu Chu’ or ‘Cuju’ as it’s also known was used as physical exercise for school children and the military and an exhibition game was played for the Emperor of the Han Dynasty’s Birthday each year. There are references of many different ways the game was played but the most common and my favorite version is where the players aim was to kick the ball through the net just like now, however that net was 30 foot in the air attached to two bamboo sticks and only slightly than the ball itself, I can only imagine games would of lasted for day as it almost seems an impossible task.

Soon after across the East China Sea, the Japanese were also playing ball, this time called ‘Kamari’, technically a game of ‘Keepy Uppy’, sometime around 50AD the first international fixture took place as a team from China visited and competed.  There was no winner though as the game was seen as an art form rather than competitive.

In Ancient Greece and Rome versions of the game existed, firstly in Greece the famous playwright Antiphanes described a game called ‘Episkryos’ which was later exported to Rome and called ‘Harpastum’.  This was a game more like Rugby Football with an element of Wrestling, little is known about the rules but the ball was solid and about the same size as a Softball.

This game inevitably progressed and was the root of a game currently played in Italy called Calcio. Calcio was played at it's height in the 16^th century, it’s rules were first published in 1580 is a game of 27 or the strongest man around on each side, the idea is to get the ball over the oppositions ‘spot’, a very aggressive game in the past, less so now when it is played every June in Florence. 

In the Central Americas maybe as long ago as 500 BC, Those crafty and bloodfirsty Aztecs played a game called Tiachli, played on a capital I shaped court, a ring either end about between 8 and 10 ft high and 30cm diameter, the purpose was to score in the opposing goal and the first team to do this was the winner, a pretty tough ask made tougher as the rules stated that the they couldn’t use there hands and the ball was not allowed to touch the floor, points and possession were lost for allowing the ball to hit the floor.  Despite having shin guards and helmets to protect the players from injuries from the heavy rubber ball, the losing Captain in true Aztec style would be sacrificed to the gods for their defeat.

In the 17^th century the Native American’s further north in modern day USA played a game called ‘Pasuckuakohowog’, a very violent game that could last for hours or even days with teams up to 500 strong.  Players would cover up with disguises as not to be recognised afterwards for fear of retribution.